California COA Decides ICWA-Related Appeal Involving Cherokee/Choctaw Freedmen Descendants


Jodi Rave Spotted Bear

Jodi Rave Spotted Bear

August 16, 2013

The opinion in In re D.N. is here. An excerpt: The "by blood" requirement in the Choctaw Nation‟s Constitution, as well as others, has been interpreted as excluding the descendants of freedmen. (Allen v. Tribal Council (2006) 9 Okla. Trib. … Continue reading →read more

Jodi Rave Spotted Bear

(Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation)

Founder & Editor in Chief

Location: Twin Buttes, North Dakota

Spoken Languages: English

Topic Expertise: Federal trust relationship with American Indians; Indigenous issues ranging from spirituality and environment to education and land rights

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Jodi Rave Spotted Bear

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